Muri iki gihe, hamwe n’iterambere ryihuse ry’ubumenyi n’ikoranabuhanga ndetse no gukomeza kuzamura urwego rw’ubuvuzi, riherekejwe kandi no gushyiraho ibikoresho bitandukanye binini by’ubuvuzi bigezweho, bitanga umubare munini w’ibihuza muri ibyo bigo by’ubuvuzi, bikaba byangiza cyane ku mutekano w'amashanyarazi n'imirimo isanzwe y'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi.Igikoresho gifungura ibikoresho byahindutse igikoresho cyingenzi kugirango gikemure iki kibazo.
1.1 Ibikoresho byo kwa muganga
Hano hari umubare munini wibikoresho bya elegitoroniki mubikoresho byubuvuzi, kandi ibyo bikoresho bizatanga umubare munini wubwumvikane mugihe cyakazi, bitera umwanda.Ibikoresho bisanzwe ni MRI (ibikoresho bya magnetiki resonance igikoresho), imashini ya CT, imashini ya X-ray, DSA (imashini itandukanya umutima-mitsi) nibindi.Muri byo, impiswi ya RF hamwe n’isimburangingo ya magnetique ikorwa mugihe cya MRI kugirango ikore ingufu za magnetiki resonance, kandi impiswi ya RF hamwe nizindi mpinduka za magneti bizana umwanda mubi.Ikiraro gikosora cyumubyigano mwinshi wa mashini ya X-ray kizatanga imiterere nini mugihe ikora, kandi imashini ya X-ni umutwaro wigihe gito, voltage irashobora kugera kuri volt ibihumbi icumi, kandi kuruhande rwambere rwa transformateur izongera umutwaro uhita wa 60 kugeza 70kw, nayo izongera guhuza imiyoboro ya gride.
1.2 Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi
Ibikoresho byo guhumeka mubitaro nka konderasi, abafana, nibindi, nibikoresho byo kumurika nkamatara ya fluorescent bizatanga umubare munini wubwumvikane.Kugirango uzigame ingufu, ibitaro byinshi bifashisha abafana bahinduranya inshuro hamwe na konderasi.Guhindura inshuro nisoko yingenzi ihuza ibintu, igipimo cyayo cyose cyo kugoreka ibintu THD-i igera kuri hejuru ya 33%, izatanga umubare munini wa 5, 7 ihuza amashanyarazi.Mu bikoresho byo kumurika imbere mu bitaro, hari amatara menshi ya fluorescent, nayo azabyara umubare munini w'amashanyarazi.Iyo amatara menshi ya fluorescent ahujwe nicyiciro cya gatatu cyumutwaro winsinga, umurongo wo hagati uzatemba nini nini ya gatatu ihuza.
1.3 Ibikoresho by'itumanaho
Kugeza ubu, ibitaro ni imiyoborere ya mudasobwa, bivuze ko umubare wa mudasobwa, kugenzura amashusho n'ibikoresho by'amajwi ari byinshi, kandi ibyo ni amasoko asanzwe ahuza.Mubyongeyeho, seriveri ibika amakuru muri sisitemu yo gucunga imiyoboro ya mudasobwa igomba kuba ifite imbaraga zo gusubira inyuma nka UPS.UPS ibanza gukosora ingufu zamashanyarazi mumashanyarazi ataziguye, igice cyacyo kibikwa muri bateri, ikindi gice gihindurwamo ingufu za AC zagenzuwe binyuze muri inverter kugirango itange ingufu mumitwaro.Iyo itumanaho nyamukuru ryatanzwe, bateri itanga imbaraga kuri inverter kugirango ikomeze gukora kandi urebe imikorere isanzwe yumutwaro.Kandi tuzi ko ikosora na inverter bizakoresha tekinoroji ya IGBT na PWM, bityo UPS ikabyara ibintu byinshi 3, 5, 7 bihuza kumurimo.
2. Ibibi byo guhuza ibikoresho byubuvuzi
Duhereye ku bisobanuro byavuzwe haruguru, dushobora gusanga hari amasoko menshi ahuza muri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ibitaro, bizatanga umusaruro mwinshi (hamwe na 3, 5, 7 bihuza nkibyinshi) kandi byanduza cyane amashanyarazi, bitera ibibazo byubuziranenge bwimbaraga nkibisanzwe birenze kandi bitagira aho bibogamiye.Ibi bibazo birashobora kugira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yibikoresho byubuvuzi.
2.1 Ibibi byo guhuza ibikoresho byo kugura amashusho
Bitewe n'ingaruka zo guhuza, abakozi b'ubuvuzi bakunze guhura n'ibikoresho.Aya makosa arashobora gutera amakosa yamakuru, amashusho adasobanutse, gutakaza amakuru nibindi bibazo, cyangwa kwangiza ibice byumuzunguruko, bigatuma ibikoresho byubuvuzi bidashobora gukomeza gukora mubisanzwe.By'umwihariko, mugihe ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe byerekana amashusho byatewe nubwuzuzanye, ibice bya elegitoroniki byimbere bishobora kwandika ihindagurika kandi bigahindura ibisohoka, ibyo bikazatuma habaho ihinduka ryinshi cyangwa kudasobanuka kwishusho yumurongo, byoroshye gutera indwara mbi.
2.2 Ibibi byo guhuza ibikoresho byo kuvura nibikoresho byubuforomo
Hariho ibikoresho byinshi bya elegitoronike bikoreshwa mukuvura, kandi igikoresho cyo kubaga nicyo cyangiritse cyane kubihuza.Ubuvuzi bwo kubaga bivuga kuvura lazeri, umuyaga mwinshi wa electromagnetiki yumuriro, imirasire, microwave, ultrasound, nibindi byonyine cyangwa bifatanije no kubaga gakondo.Ibikoresho bifitanye isano birashobora guhuzwa, ibimenyetso bisohoka bizaba birimo akajagari cyangwa byongerera imbaraga ibimenyetso bihuza, bigatera imbaraga amashanyarazi akomeye kubarwayi, kandi hari ingaruka zikomeye z'umutekano mugihe zivura ibice bimwe byingenzi.Ibikoresho byubuforomo nka ventilateur, pacemakers, monitor ya ECG, nibindi, bifitanye isano rya bugufi nubuzima bwabashinzwe kurinda, kandi ibimenyetso byibikoresho bimwe na bimwe birakomeye cyane, bishobora gutuma habaho gukusanya amakuru atariyo cyangwa no kudakora mugihe byakorewe ubwumvikane. kwivanga, bitera igihombo kinini kubarwayi n'ibitaro.
3. Ingamba zo kugenzura neza
Ukurikije ibitera guhuza, ingamba zo kuvura zirashobora kugabanywa muburyo butatu bukurikira: kugabanya inzitizi ya sisitemu, kugabanya inkomoko ihuza, no gushiraho ibikoresho byo kuyungurura.
3.1 Kugabanya inzitizi ya sisitemu
Kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kugabanya inzitizi za sisitemu, ni ngombwa kugabanya intera y’amashanyarazi hagati y’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bidafite umurongo n’amashanyarazi, mu yandi magambo, kugira ngo urwego rw’amashanyarazi rutangwe.Kurugero, ibikoresho byingenzi byuruganda rukora ibyuma ni itanura ryamashanyarazi arc, ryakoresheje mbere amashanyarazi 35KV, kandi ryashyizweho hashyizweho amashanyarazi yihariye ya 35KV kumashanyarazi abiri 110KV, kandi ibice bihuza byari hejuru kumurongo wa bisi ya 35KV.Nyuma yo gukoresha intera ya kilometero 4 gusa 220KV ishyiraho 5 35KV idasanzwe yumurongo wamashanyarazi, guhuza muri bisi byateye imbere kuburyo bugaragara, usibye uruganda rwanakoresheje moteri nini ya syncronique, kuburyo intera yamashanyarazi yibi bidafite umurongo imizigo yagabanutse cyane, kuburyo igihingwa cyabyaye kugabanya guhuza.Ubu buryo bufite ishoramari rinini, bugomba guhuzwa na gahunda yo guteza imbere amashanyarazi, kandi bukwiranye n’imishinga minini y’inganda, kandi ibitaro bisaba amashanyarazi adahwema gutanga amashanyarazi, muri rusange akoreshwa n’ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi, ubwo buryo rero ntabwo ari a icyambere.
3.2 Kugabanya inkomoko ihuza
Ubu buryo bukeneye guhindura iboneza ryamasoko ahuza, kugabanya uburyo bwakazi bwo kubyara ibintu byinshi, kandi byibanda ku gukoresha ibikoresho byuzuzanya kugirango uhagarike.Inshuro ziranga guhuza zongerewe mukongera icyiciro cyimpinduka, kandi agaciro keza kumuvuduko uragabanuka cyane.Ubu buryo bukeneye gutondekanya ibikoresho byumuzunguruko no guhuza ikoreshwa ryibikoresho, bifite aho bigarukira.Ibitaro birashobora guhinduka gato ukurikije uko byifashe, bishobora kugabanya ingano yimiterere kurwego runaka.
3.3 Kwinjizamo igikoresho
Kugeza ubu, hari ibintu bibiri bikoreshwa cyane muyungurura AC: ibikoresho byungurura kandiigikoresho cyo kuyungurura (APF).Igikoresho cya filteri ya pasiporo, kizwi kandi nk'igikoresho cya LC muyunguruzi, ikoresha ihame rya LC resonance mu buryo bwa gihanga bwo gukora urukurikirane rwa resonance ishami kugirango itange umuyoboro muto cyane wo kubangamira umubare wihariye w’imiterere igomba gushungura, kugirango idaterwa mumashanyarazi.Igikoresho cyo kuyungurura pasiporo gifite imiterere yoroshye ningaruka zigaragara zo kwinjiza ibintu, ariko bigarukira gusa ku guhuza inshuro zisanzwe, kandi ibiranga indishyi bigira uruhare runini ku mbogamizi ya gride (kuri frequence yihariye, inzitizi ya gride na LC Akayunguruzo Igikoresho gishobora kugira parallel resonance cyangwa urukurikirane rwa resonance).Igikoresho gikoreshwa muyungurura (APF) ni ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, bikoreshwa muguhagarika imbaraga no guhuza imbaraga zidasanzwe.Irashobora gukusanya no gusesengura ibimenyetso byubu byumutwaro mugihe nyacyo, igatandukanya buri mbaraga zihuza kandi zifatika, kandi ikagenzura ibisohoka bihinduranya hamwe na reaction ya reaction ihwanye na amplitude hamwe ningaruka zindishyi zinyuze mugenzuzi kugirango zuzuze imiyoboro ihuza imitwaro, kugirango tugere ku ntego yo kugenzura guhuza.Akayunguruzoigikoresho gifite ibyiza byo gukurikirana-igihe, igisubizo cyihuse, indishyi zuzuye (imbaraga zidasanzwe na 2 ~ 31 bihuza bishobora kwishyurwa icyarimwe).
4 Porogaramu yihariye ya APF igikoresho cyungurura ibikoresho mubigo byubuvuzi
Hamwe nogukomeza kuzamura imibereho yabantu no kwihutisha gusaza kwabaturage, icyifuzo cya serivisi zubuvuzi kiragenda cyiyongera, kandi n’inganda zita ku buvuzi zigiye kwinjira mu gihe cy’iterambere ryihuse, kandi uhagarariye ibikorwa by’ubuvuzi bikomeye kandi bikomeye. ni ibitaro.Kubera agaciro k’imibereho n’akamaro k’ibitaro, gukemura ikibazo cy’ubuziranenge bw’amashanyarazi birihutirwa.
4.1 Guhitamo APF
Inyungu zo kugenzura guhuza, mbere ya byose, ni ukurinda umutekano bwite w’abarwayi n’abakozi b’ubuvuzi, ni ukuvuga kugabanya cyangwa gukuraho ingaruka mbi ziterwa no kugenzura imikoranire kuri sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza, kugira ngo imikorere isanzwe ya transformateur n’ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi ;Icya kabiri, irerekana mu buryo butaziguye inyungu zubukungu, ni ukuvuga, kugirango imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu y’indishyi zingana na voltage nkeya, igire uruhare rwayo, igabanye ibintu bihuza imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi, kandi itezimbere ingufu, igabanye gutakaza ingufu zidasanzwe , no kongera igihe cya serivisi y'ibikoresho.
Ibibi byo guhuza inganda zubuvuzi ni byinshi cyane, umubare munini wubwuzuzanye bizagira ingaruka kumikorere no gukoresha ibikoresho byuzuye, kandi bishobora guhungabanya umutekano wumuntu mubihe bikomeye;Bizongera kandi gutakaza ingufu z'umurongo n'ubushyuhe bwa kiyobora, bigabanye imikorere nubuzima bwibikoresho, bityo akamaro ko kugenzura guhuza biragaragara.Binyuze mu kwishyirirahoAkayunguruzoigikoresho, intego yo kugenzura guhuza irashobora kugerwaho neza, kugirango umutekano wabantu nibikoresho.Mugihe gito, kugenzura guhuza bikenera umubare munini wishoramari ryambere;Ariko, duhereye kumajyambere maremare yiterambere, APFigikoresho gikoreshabiroroshye kubungabunga mugihe cyakurikiyeho, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa mugihe nyacyo, kandi inyungu zubukungu yazanywe no kugenzura imikoranire ninyungu mbonezamubano zo kweza amashanyarazi nayo iragaragara.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-30-2023