Uwiteka inverter yo hejuru ni AC-DC-AC voltage inkomoko inverter hamwe nibice byinshi byimiterere.Imenya sinusoidal waveform yinjiza, ibisohoka voltage numuyoboro ukoresheje tekinoroji ya superpression, igenzura neza imiterere, kandi igabanya umwanda kuri gride yumuriro nu mutwaro.Mugihe kimwe, ifite ibikoresho byuzuye byo kurinda ningamba zo kurindaGuhindura inshuro n'umutwaro, kugirango ukureho kandi wirinde igihombo cyatewe nibintu bitandukanye bigoye, kandi utange inyungu nini kubakoresha.
2. Kurindainverter yo hejuru
2.1 Umurongo winjira kurinda voltage ndende
Kurinda umurongo winjira nuburinzi bwumukoresha winjira kumurongo wanyuma kandiGuhindura inshuro, harimo kurinda inkuba, kurinda ubutaka, kurinda igihombo, kurinda icyiciro cyinyuma, kurinda impanuka, kurinda ingufu zirenze urugero, kurinda transformateur nibindi.Ibi bikoresho byo kurinda byashyizwe mubisanzwe byinjira muri inverter, mbere yo gukora inverter igomba kubanza kwemeza ko ntakibazo kiri mukurinda umurongo mbere yo gukora.
2.1.1 Kurinda inkuba nubwoko bwo kurinda inkuba binyuze mumufata yashyizwe muri kabine ya bypass cyangwa iyinjiza ryanyuma rya inverter.Ufata ni igikoresho cy'amashanyarazi gishobora kurekura inkuba cyangwa kurekura ingufu zirenze urugero z'imikorere ya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, kurinda ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi kwangirika k'umuvuduko ukabije w'amashanyarazi ako kanya, no guca umuyaga uhoraho kugira ngo wirinde sisitemu ihagarara.Ufata arahujwe hagati yumurongo winjiza wa inverter nubutaka, kandi uhujwe nuburinganire burinzwe.Iyo agaciro karenze urugero kageze kuri voltage ikora, uwagufashe ahita akora, akanyura mumashanyarazi, agabanya amplitude ya volvoltage, kandi akarinda ibikoresho;Nyuma ya voltage isanzwe, uwufata asubirana vuba uko yahoze kugirango yizere imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu no gukumira ibyangiritse kubera inkuba.
2.1.2 Kurinda kubutaka ni ugushiraho ibikoresho bya zeru bikurikirana bya enterineti kumpera yimbere ya inverter.Ihame ryo kurinda zeru zikurikirana zishingiye ku mategeko ya Kirchhoff iriho, kandi algebraic igiteranyo cyumuyaga ugenda winjira mumurongo uwo ariwo wose wumuzunguruko uhwanye na zeru.Iyo umurongo n'ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi ari ibisanzwe, igiteranyo cya vector cyumuyaga muri buri cyiciro kingana na zeru, bityo guhinduranya kwa kabiri kwa zeru zikurikirana za transformateur nta kimenyetso gisohoka, kandi na moteri ikora.Iyo habaye ikosa runaka ryubutaka, icyerekezo cya vector ya buri cyiciro cyubu ntabwo ari zeru, kandi ikosa ryibyara ritanga magnetiki flux mumurongo wimpeta ya zeru ikurikiranye, hamwe na voltage ya kabiri yinjiza ya zeru ikurikiranye ni kugaburirwa gusubira mumasanduku nyamukuru yo kugenzura, hanyuma itegeko ryo kurinda ritangwa kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kurinda amakosa.
2.1.3 Kubura icyiciro, icyiciro cyinyuma, kurinda impirimbanyi, kurinda ingufu za voltage.Kubura icyiciro, icyiciro cyinyuma, kurinda impamyabumenyi iringaniye, kurinda birenze urugero byatewe na inverter yinjiza voltage ibitekerezo cyangwa verisiyo ya voltage yo kugura umurongo wa voltage, hanyuma unyuze mubuyobozi bwa CPU kugirango umenye niba ari ukubura icyiciro, icyiciro cyinyuma, kwinjiza impagarike ya voltage, yaba ari volvoltage, kuko niba icyiciro cyinjiza, cyangwa icyiciro cyinyuma, hamwe na voltage imbalance cyangwa overvoltage byoroshye gutera transformateur gutwika.Cyangwa amashanyarazi yangiritse, cyangwa moteri irahindurwa.
2.1.4 Kurinda impinduka.Uwitekainverter yo hejuru igizwe gusa nibice bitatu: Guhindura abaministre, guverenema yumuriro, kugenzura abaminisitiri, guhindura imashini ni ugukoresha imashini yumye yumye ihinduranya kugirango ihindurwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi uhinduranya amashanyarazi mu ruhererekane rw’inguni zitandukanye z’amashanyarazi make y’amashanyarazi, transformateur irashobora gukonjeshwa gusa no gukonjesha ikirere, kurinda rero transformateur ahanini binyuze mukurinda ubushyuhe bwa transformateur, kugirango ubushyuhe bwa transformateur buri hejuru cyane, kandi bigatera igiceri cya transformateur.Ubushakashatsi bwubushyuhe bushyirwa mubice bitatu bya coil ya transformateur, naho ubundi impera yubushyuhe ihujwe nigikoresho cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe.Igikoresho cyo kugenzura ubushyuhe gishobora gushyiraho ubushyuhe bwikora bwumufana hepfo ya transformateur, ubushyuhe bwo gutabaza, nubushyuhe bwurugendo.Mugihe kimwe, ubushyuhe bwa buri cyiciro coil bwerekanwe inshuro nyinshi.Amakuru yo gutabaza azerekanwa mumikoreshereze yukoresha, kandi PLC izatabaza cyangwa irinde ingendo.
2.2 Umuvuduko mwinshi wa inverter usohoka kuruhande kurinda
Ibisohoka umurongo kurindainverter yo hejuru ni ukurinda ibisohoka kuruhande rwa inverter nu mutwaro, harimo kurinda ibicuruzwa birenze urugero, kurinda ibicuruzwa birenze urugero, ibisohoka bigufi birinda imiyoboro, kurinda moteri birenze urugero nibindi.
2.2.1 Ibisohoka birinda ibicuruzwa birenze urugero.Ibisohoka hejuru ya volvoltage ikusanya ibisohoka voltage ikoresheje ikibaho cya voltage icyitegererezo kuruhande rusohoka.Niba ibisohoka voltage ari ndende cyane, sisitemu izahita itabaza.
2.2.2 Ibisohoka Kurinda Birenze.Ibisohoka birenze urugero kurinda ibyasohotse byegeranijwe na Hall ikabigereranya kugirango umenye niba bitera kurenza urugero.
2.2.3 Ibisohoka Kurinda-Inzira Zirinda.Ingamba zo gukingira ikosa rigufi ryumuzingi hagati ya stator ihindagurika hamwe ninsinga ziyobora moteri.Niba inverter igena ko ibisohoka ari umuzunguruko mugufi, ihita ihagarika amashanyarazi hanyuma igahagarika gukora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-28-2023